The Effects of Violence on Peace Processes

by Darby, John

"Violence, especially ethnic violence, is exceptionally hard to extinguish. Cease-fires almost never bring a complete end to the killing, and formal peace agreements are more often than not undone by men unwilling to forsake the gun. As John Darby argues in this treatment of the subject, "even when political violence is ended by a cease-fire, it reappears in other forms to threaten the evolving peace process."". "Unlike most scholars, Darby focuses on peace processes that have involved actors other than the United Nations. He analyzes the nature and impact of four interrelated kinds of violence: violence by the state, violence by militants, violence in the community, and the emergence of new violence-related issues during negotiations. The author draws out the policy implications and concludes by distilling five propositions on the relationship between violence and peace processes. In-depth profiles of the five featured cases (Northern Ireland, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Israel-Palestine