Agents of apocalypse

by Ken De Bevoise

As waves of epidemic disease swept the Philippines in the late nineteenth century, physicians in the islands began to fear that the indigenous population would be wiped out. Many Filipinos interpreted the contagions as a harbinger of the Biblical Apocalypse. Though the direst forebodings did not come to pass, Philippine morbidity and mortality rates were the world's highest during the period 1883-1903. In Agents of Apocalypse, Ken De Bevoise bypasses the simplistic conclusion that Spanish and American colonialism in the Philippines caused the epidemics. Instead, he explains that those "mourning years" resulted from a conjunction of demographic, economic, technological, cultural, and political processes that had been building for centuries. Throughout the book, the author highlights the complexity of cause and effect, which among other things accounts for the unintended consequences and tragic irony that characterize this history. On another level, the book is an ecology of human action